Open Systems Interconnection

TCP establishes connections between two hosts on the network through ‘sockets’ which are determined by the IP address and port number.
UDP on the other hand provides a low overhead transmission service, but with less error checking.
Layer 5 – Session
This layer defines how to establish, manage and terminate connections between applications.
Layer 6 – Presentation
The Presentation layer defines the data formats. The compression and encryption are also defined at this layer.
Layer 7 – Application
This layer provides network services to the end-users. In general: Layer 7 is the layer that users interact with directly, for example, users browse applications like web browsers (Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.), Email Applications (Outlook, Thunderbird, etc.), Chat Applications ( WhatsApp, Skype, Viber, etc.) directly are the examples of layer 7 applications.



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